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Loving mistletoe—but not for the reason you think

What happens when you try to tell a science story with wild mistletoe? The backstory involves a 6½ hour drive to the Kentucky border and tricky hand-paddling on an overloaded kayak.

We thought that mistletoe would be the perfect plant to explain plant relationships as part of a science display for Love in Bloom, this summer’s theme at the 51³Ō¹Ļ. Mistletoe—a plant that typically inspires romance—is actually a parasite. The plant’s roots penetrate the bark of a host plant and steal its nutrients.

 

mistletoe plant relationships

 

Todd in kayak finding mistletoe

Todd in kayak with mistletoe

mistletoe from the kayak

All photos in the wild courtesy of Jenny Lesko, Illinois Department of Natural Resources Division of Forestry

 

Exhibits horticulturist Jason Toth could not find the right kind of mistletoe for sale anywhere. And it would take too long for our production greenhouse to grow the plant.

Even if he had found a cutting, Toth realized, that would not be good enough. He did not want pretty, ribbon-topped mistletoe, anyway. The mistletoe had to be clinging to a host tree to help tell a story about the complex relationships that plants have—with fungi, animals, and one another.

ā€œIt kept me up at night, worrying about not having mistletoe,ā€ Toth said.

He studied an online map. In the United States, mistletoe grows as far north as the southern tip of Illinois. Toth began contacting foresters in that area with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Had any of them spotted wild mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum) in their jurisdictions? Forester Jenny Lesko had.

In late spring, Toth got permission from the DNR to harvest mistletoe. He drove more than 400 miles to meet Lesko in woods near a lake, where they found mistletoe on a fallen silver maple tree in the water.

As luck would have it, Lesko had brought a kayak from home, and Toth was an experienced paddler.

ā€œIt’s not very often I get to incorporate a kayak into forestry work,ā€ said Lesko, ā€œand I was not-so-secretly hoping we would have to use it.ā€

Toth didn’t hesitate. He borrowed the kayak and hand-paddled out to the tree. With a hand saw, he pruned off the branches that had the most mistletoe.

Lesko watched from shore. ā€œI thought, he better not fall in—I don’t want this day to end in a water rescue!ā€ she said. ā€œI was also worried he would have trouble cutting off the branches, but he had a good saw.ā€

Toth hefted the branches on his back and hand-paddled back to shore. It was a bit tricky, with 8-foot-long branches—heavy with fragile mistletoe and waterlogged—slung over his shoulders. He repeated the trip seven or eight times.

Then, with Lesko’s help, he dragged each of the branches 100 feet through the woods to his van.

ā€œGetting it back was a pleasure,ā€ he said, ā€œknowing that I actually had it in hand. The hard part was finding it.ā€

 


 

You can see the wild mistletoe as part of a science exhibition at Love in Bloom, in the English Walled Garden overlook.

Note that in parts of the country where mistletoe grows, experts recommend that homeowners prune infested branches as soon as possible to avoid spread and damage to the tree.

 


 

All in a day’s work

 

Jason Toth and Jenny Lesko,

Jason Toth and Jenny Lesko, photo courtesy of Jason Toth

Jason Toth, exhibits horticulturist, did not mind taking a day trip to harvest mistletoe.

ā€œIt was very much worth the trouble to bring this haul of plants back to the Garden,ā€ Toth said. ā€œI get a kick out of asking visitors, ā€˜Have you ever seen mistletoe before?’ and watching their surprise as they realize they haven't. And once I explain that mistletoe is a parasite, their surprise is that much more palpable. Explaining this unique plant relationship through our exhibits for Love in Bloom is just one way out of many that we are able to engage with the public and provide a unique and educational experience.ā€

Forester Jenny Lesko wanted to help tell the science story, too.

ā€œThough I am a forester, I enjoy working with other native plants too and helping get that information out to the public,ā€ she said. ā€œA forest consists of not just trees, but also the other plants and other living things that make up that ecosystem. Proper management of a forest should ideally benefit all the components of the ecosystem. Some of the management activities benefiting other Illinois native plants would include invasive species removal, thinning of midstory trees to bring light to the forest floor, prescribed burning, and in certain cases if done correctly, timber harvest. is a great campaign I work with to promote these types of practices.ā€